What is a common side effect of narcotic pain medications?

Narcotic pain medications, also known as opioids, are widely used for their analgesic properties. One of the most prevalent side effects associated with this class of drugs is constipation. This occurs because narcotics bind to specific receptors in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, leading to decreased peristalsis and slower movement of contents through the intestines.

The effect on the gastrointestinal system can result in reduced bowel motility, which makes it difficult for patients to have regular bowel movements. This side effect is significant and requires attention, as it can lead to discomfort, abdominal pain, and may necessitate the use of laxatives or other treatments to manage it effectively.

In contrast to constipation, other side effects listed, such as increased appetite, diarrhea, or active metabolism, are not typically associated with narcotic use. In fact, opioid medications commonly lead to appetite suppression and constipation rather than increased appetite or diarrhea, making the identification of constipation as the correct answer particularly relevant in clinical practice.